Was ist eine Enzyklika?

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   title =>protected'Was ist eine Enzyklika?' (23 chars)
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   teaser =>protected'Über Adressaten, Verbindlichkeit, Titel und Zweck eines päpstliche
      n Schreibens' (88 chars)
   bodytext =>protected'SALZBURG (kap/eds-5. 20. 2020) / Eine Enzyklika ist ein päpstliches Leh
      rschreiben. Es ist an die katholische Weltkirche, gelegentlich zudem an "all
      e Menschen guten Willens", also auch an Nichtkatholiken, gerichtet. Enzyklik
      en beanspruchen ein hohes Maß an Verbindlichkeit. Sie werden in der ka
      tholischen Kirche als Ausdruck der obersten Lehrgewalt des Papstes verstande
      n, sind aber keine unfehlbaren Lehrentscheidungen im dogmatischen Sinn.
In 
      Enzykliken nehmen die Päpste vornehmlich zu theologischen, moralischen 
      oder sozialen Fragen Stellung. Die meist lateinischen Anfangsworte gelten au
      ch als Titel des jeweiligen Textes. Der Begriff Enzyklika stammt aus dem Gri
      echischen und bedeutet "Rundschreiben".
Die Zahl der päpstlichen Runds
      chreiben beläuft sich seit Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts auf mehrere hunde
      rt. Begründet wurde die Tradition der Enzykliken von Benedikt XIV. (174
      0-1758), der kurz nach seinem Amtsantritt das Schreiben "Ubi primum" üb
      er die Amtsführung von Bischöfen veröffentlichte.
Das neue L
      ehrschreiben "Fratelli tutti" ist die dritte Enzyklika des seit 2013 amtiere
      nden Papst Franziskus. Wie schon seine zweite Enzyklika "Laudato si - Ü
      ber die Sorge für das gemeinsame Haus" (2015) - die erste, "Lumen fidei
      . Licht des Glaubens" (2013), entstand in Teilen noch im Pontifikat von Bene
      dikt XVI. - beginnt Franziskus das Schreiben mit einem Zitat seines Namenspa
      trons Franz von Assisi (1181/1182-1228). Auch fällt die Veröffentl
      ichung des aktuellen Schreibens mit 4. Oktober auf den Festtag des heiligen 
      Franziskus.' (1607 chars)
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